AQUEDUCTS
One of Rome's most impressive advances in engineering and architecture. The aqueducts were made of stone, bricks, concrete, and local materials. The aqueducts carried water into the city and are stretched out over all types of terrain. Not only were they very helpful, they were beautiful structures architecturally too. It is estimated that around 300 CE, 11 aqueducts would carry in about 200 gallons of water per person. Some aqueducts are said to be about 16785 meters long and more than 32 meters high.
The water supply was from springs that were found in fields. This water was also clean water that would not harm one's health.
The aqueducts were built by large masses of military and government workers, pick up laborers, and slaves. Along with building the aqueducts, they had to reduce the amount of mud in the Tiber River by putting layering walls on the sides of the River.
In order to transport the water into the city, routes had to be staked out, which were usually on somewhat of a downward slope. New tools were also used in the building of the aqueducts.
These 11 aqueducts supplied the local fountains, cisterns, latrines, baths, pools, and private houses of Roman cities.
The water supply was from springs that were found in fields. This water was also clean water that would not harm one's health.
The aqueducts were built by large masses of military and government workers, pick up laborers, and slaves. Along with building the aqueducts, they had to reduce the amount of mud in the Tiber River by putting layering walls on the sides of the River.
In order to transport the water into the city, routes had to be staked out, which were usually on somewhat of a downward slope. New tools were also used in the building of the aqueducts.
These 11 aqueducts supplied the local fountains, cisterns, latrines, baths, pools, and private houses of Roman cities.
PUBLIC BATHS
The public baths were a symbol of Romes's capacity to civilize and build, a place for political and social processes, and an appreciated civic amentity. Usually, public baths were a gift from an Emperor to the people of Rome.
Public baths were very appealing to ancient Romans because there was little to no entrance fee. Keeping clean was very important for hygiene and comfort, and the baths were a gathering place for friends, family, and business.
The public baths usually consisted of an exercise yard, changing rooms, and bathing room, eating rooms, massage rooms, sweat rooms, and other rooms for various ways of entertainment.
The water was lightly heated by an underground furnace. The heat was then transported to the approprate room.
Public baths were very appealing to ancient Romans because there was little to no entrance fee. Keeping clean was very important for hygiene and comfort, and the baths were a gathering place for friends, family, and business.
The public baths usually consisted of an exercise yard, changing rooms, and bathing room, eating rooms, massage rooms, sweat rooms, and other rooms for various ways of entertainment.
The water was lightly heated by an underground furnace. The heat was then transported to the approprate room.
THE COLOSSEUM
The Colosseum is a symbol for Roman genius in engineering, and also the awful terrors that went on in the Colosseum. The Colosseum is an example of an amphitheatre which is a large circle or oval shaped build used by Romans for entertainments and games. It was Rome's first permanent amphitheatre built under Vespasian. Originally known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, it was dedicated to Vespasian under the rule of Titus, his son and successor.
The Colosseum was built in stages. It took 11 years to complete it. Its main axis is measured to be about 620 feet, while its minor axis is meaured to be 513 feet. The Colosseum's outer wall is about 160 feet high.
The materials used to make the amphiteatre were concrete, tufa, and travertine facing. Not only was the outside beautiful, it had three tiers of columns and archways too. Each level had different types of tiers. The first level had doric columns, the second level had lonic columns, the third level had corinthian columns, and the fourth level had corinthian pilasters, or flat columns, which were in a blind attic story. Also on the fourth level were supports for the wooden frame that held up the canopies that protected the audience from the sun.
The oval floor of the Colosseum is about 280 feet by 175 feet.
The Colosseum had four principle gates, two were used for the coming and going of gladiators, and two for the coming and going of important figures. There were also 76 entrances for the 50,000 spectators to enter and exit the amphithatre.
To provide a nice walking area, there were arched barrel vaults throughout the interior of the building giving the passageways strength. The Colosseum's deep foundations, that helped carry the weight of cement and
stone, were made of limesone and reinforced with iron clamps. The weight of the limestone blocks made good supports.
To provide the spectors with a good view of the action, the inside wall was steeply pitched. The seating was assigned by your importance. The emperor's family sat in the first row, the next 14 rows was where the equestrian order sat, and the rest of the rows were for the rest of the spectators. Women, the poor, and slaves had to sit in a gallery in the fourth level.
The wooden floor of the Colosseum could be removed depending on the event. There were many chambers used as animal dens, gladiator barracks, and storage rooms. Also in the Colosseum were machines and elevators to transport animals, men, and stage sets to the arena.
The Colosseum has been repaired and refurbished many times since it was built.
The amount of work and detail put into the Colosseum makes it one of Rome's greatest engineering achievements.
The Colosseum was built in stages. It took 11 years to complete it. Its main axis is measured to be about 620 feet, while its minor axis is meaured to be 513 feet. The Colosseum's outer wall is about 160 feet high.
The materials used to make the amphiteatre were concrete, tufa, and travertine facing. Not only was the outside beautiful, it had three tiers of columns and archways too. Each level had different types of tiers. The first level had doric columns, the second level had lonic columns, the third level had corinthian columns, and the fourth level had corinthian pilasters, or flat columns, which were in a blind attic story. Also on the fourth level were supports for the wooden frame that held up the canopies that protected the audience from the sun.
The oval floor of the Colosseum is about 280 feet by 175 feet.
The Colosseum had four principle gates, two were used for the coming and going of gladiators, and two for the coming and going of important figures. There were also 76 entrances for the 50,000 spectators to enter and exit the amphithatre.
To provide a nice walking area, there were arched barrel vaults throughout the interior of the building giving the passageways strength. The Colosseum's deep foundations, that helped carry the weight of cement and
stone, were made of limesone and reinforced with iron clamps. The weight of the limestone blocks made good supports.
To provide the spectors with a good view of the action, the inside wall was steeply pitched. The seating was assigned by your importance. The emperor's family sat in the first row, the next 14 rows was where the equestrian order sat, and the rest of the rows were for the rest of the spectators. Women, the poor, and slaves had to sit in a gallery in the fourth level.
The wooden floor of the Colosseum could be removed depending on the event. There were many chambers used as animal dens, gladiator barracks, and storage rooms. Also in the Colosseum were machines and elevators to transport animals, men, and stage sets to the arena.
The Colosseum has been repaired and refurbished many times since it was built.
The amount of work and detail put into the Colosseum makes it one of Rome's greatest engineering achievements.